The former Brazilian leader has been taken into custody after authorities concluded he posed a definite escape threat while under domestic detention.
The one-time leader was found guilty of orchestrating a military coup in September and given more than a 27-year term in prison, but he continued under home detention pending legal challenges.
High Court Judge Justice Moraes said the move to detain the septuagenarian politician was a preventative measure after "new facts" emerged.
This encompassed seeking to disable his ankle monitor and a summons to a demonstration that could "allow for a possible escape.
In a filing authorising the custody, Justice Moraes said information from the centre monitoring his home detention suggested the ex-president's aim to disable the electronic ankle bracelet to guarantee victory in his getaway".
This, it said, would be assisted by the chaos caused by the protest called by his child.
His child, Flávio Bolsonaro, who holds office as a congressional representative, called for a meeting of his supporters near Bolsonaro's home to take place on the weekend.
The senator wrote on social media on last Friday: "Are you going to fight for your country, or watch it all from your mobile device there on your sofa? I call on you to battle with us."
He said the vigil would be so supporters could seek divine intervention for his physical condition and for the reestablishment of democratic governance in our country."
Part of Justice Moraes's determination was the possibility of Bolsonaro's "relocation to foreign missions near the dwelling, considering that the investigations revealed a record of arranging to request asylum through a diplomatic representation", a declaration said.
The court filing underscores that the US embassy in the federal district, Brazil's capital, is located around approximately 13 kilometers from the former president's residence.
The former president's legal troubles have drawn the ire of fellow conservative nationalist United States President Donald Trump, prompting him to enact a fifty percent tax on goods coming from Brazil.
Bolsonaro is being held in a national police facility in the capital and will have a imprisonment assessment on Sunday.
It was only on the previous day that the former president's lawyers asked the Top Court to permit him to serve his whole jail sentence under domestic detention, with tracking devices.
They also requested that the former president be permitted to leave his home for medical care, saying he required regular treatment for pulmonary infections and other ailments.
The former president was convicted of heading a scheme aimed at keeping him in power after he lost the presidential race to his ideological adversary, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
Supreme Court justices said that he was aware of a plot which encompassed plans to murder Lula and his vice-presidential running mate, his vice-presidential candidate, and to detain and kill Alexandre de Moraes - the High Court judge who has been presiding over his judicial proceedings.
The scheme was stopped because it didn't receive the support of the army and air force commanders. The current president was took office without problem on January 1st, 2023.
But a week later, on 8 January, thousands of Bolsonaro supporters attacked and damaged public facilities in the federal district, Brazil's capital.
The security forces stepped in and around fifteen hundred individuals were arrested.
The justices found that the demonstrators had been provoked by him whose scheme, they said, was for the national armed forces to step in, bring back stability and bring him back to power.
At the period, the legal team called the over 27-year sentence extremely harsh.
He was also prohibited from seeking elected position until the year 2060 - eight years later after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The one-time head of state called the court case a targeted investigation" and said it was designed to prevent him running in the 2026 presidential election.
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